sknano.structures.SWNTBundle.electronic_type

SWNTBundle.electronic_type

SWNT electronic type.

New in version 0.2.7.

The electronic type is determined as follows:

if \((2n + m)\,\mathrm{mod}\,3=0\), the nanotube is metallic.

if \((2n + m)\,\mathrm{mod}\,3=1\), the nanotube is semiconducting, type 1.

if \((2n + m)\,\mathrm{mod}\,3=2\), the nanotube is semiconducting, type 2.

The \(x\,\mathrm{mod}\,y\) notation is mathematical shorthand for the modulo operation, which computes the remainder of the division of \(x\) by \(y\). So, for example, all armchair nanotubes must be metallic since the chiral indices satisfy: \(2n + m = 2n + n = 3n\) and therefore \(3n\,\mathrm{mod}\,3\) i.e. the remainder of the division of \(3n/3=n\) is always zero.

Note

Mathematically, \((2n + m)\,\mathrm{mod}\,3\) is equivalent to \((n - m)\,\mathrm{mod}\,3\) when distinguishing between metallic and semiconducting. However, when distinguishing between semiconducting types, one must be careful to observe the following convention:

• Semiconducting, type 1 means:
  • \((2n + m)\,\mathrm{mod}\,3=1\)
  • \((n - m)\,\mathrm{mod}\,3=2\)
• Semiconducting, type 2 means:
  • \((2n + m)\,\mathrm{mod}\,3=2\)
  • \((n - m)\,\mathrm{mod}\,3=1\)